
Stacks, Recursion and Pop Orders
The stack abstract data type and its constant-time operations, array and linked implementations with their overflow and underflow tests, two stacks sharing one array, balanced-bracket checking with traces, recursion and the call stack (frames and call counts), and valid pop sequences: the Catalan count, the greedy check and the forbidden 3-1-2 pattern. Counts are verified by brute force over all permutations.
