Cheat sheets

CN-21Cheat sheet1 pageIn a paid pack

DNS

The Domain Name System (RFC 1034, RFC 1035) for GATE CS: the name hierarchy and zones, root, TLD and authoritative servers, the stub and local (recursive) resolver, iterative versus recursive resolution with a diagram and exact message counts for empty and partly filled caches, resource record types, TTL caching, transport over UDP and TCP on port 53, message format and size limits, and the lookup's place in loading a web page.

Diagrams from CN-21

CN-22Cheat sheet1 pageIn a paid pack

HTTP

HTTP (RFC 9110 semantics, RFC 9112 for HTTP/1.1) for GATE CS: request and response structure, methods with their safe and idempotent properties, status-code classes and the common codes, non-persistent, parallel, persistent and pipelined connections with exact RTT counts and times checked by script, the order of packets in a page load, cookies for state, and web caching with conditional GET and proxy hit ratios. Includes three solved past questions (2020, 2024, 2026).